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They’re not anonymous, contrary to common perception. They’re encrypted, but they know things like your IP address and which IP addresses you’re communicating with, even if they don’t know the content of your messages. Some of them explicitly state as much.
Depending on the local laws of the company or servers, they might be compelled to share whatever data they do have, which could be enough info to assist law enforcement in making an arrest, even if they can’t see the message itself.
If you want anonymous email use, you have to use a logless VPN at a minimum every time you access a third party encrypted email service. That way neither side of the email exchange can tie your IP address to you.
Thanks!
Ha! This blind squirrel (me) did manage to find a nut, it seems.